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| === Software FAQ === <<TableOfContents(2)>> |
#rev 2020-09-14 gfreudig #rev 2020-09-07 stroth #rev 2018-11-21 schadavi ## page was renamed from SWFAQ |
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| == Q: Why is Application XY not starting up? Why can't I open certain files? == ''' A: '''The configuration of the application may be broken. Try moving the hidden folder which contains the configuration to another one by typing `mv ~/.XYconfig ~/.XYoldconfig` and then start the application again. If you see no changes or want your configuration back, just move the folder back to its original name. |
<<TableOfContents(4)>> |
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| == Q: How can I reboot my Tardis Workstation? == ''' A: '''NEVER reboot your Workstation. Maybe there are other students logged in and working on it or any important jobs running. Probably it is only your crashed browser that blocks the keyboard or mouse. Login from an other machine and find out which process is locking the machine up. Try `top` to figure this out. |
= FAQ = This is a collection of frequently asked questions (FAQ) |
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| On a Linux Workstation you can use the key-combination `Ctrl+Alt+Backspace` to restart your Xserver. | == Chat, Matrix, Element == * Introduction to the [[Chat|D-ITET Chat servers]] for institutes * [[ChatBestPractice|Best practice]] recommendations on how to use the chat services * Accounts on federated matrix servers are reachable in Element with their Matrix ID `@<username>:<the-users-matrix-homeserver>`, i.e. `@someone:staffchat.ethz.ch` * [[ChatExportRoomKeys|Missing Matrix room-specific E2E keys]] helps in case of `** Unable to decrypt:...` |
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| A very effective and simple way to 'unblock' a machine is to walk to one which is working and then type: | == Email: General, Webbrowser, Calendar == * [[FAQ/FirefoxMessages|Why is Firefox/ Thunderbird telling me "already running", "profile in use" or "No running window found"?]] * [[FAQ/FirefoxCantOpenWebsites|Firefox can not open Websites. Error Message can not find https:// Website]] * [[FAQ/FirefoxFreezeAtStart|Firefox freezes for several seconds at first start]] * [[FAQ/HEADERHowto|Headers: How to view the Email Headers?]] * [[FAQ/IMAPDeleteMails|IMAP: Instead of deleting the lines are crossed out.]] * [[FAQ/IMAPSubscriptionHowto|IMAP: How to automatically subscribe to every Mailfolder i have?]] * [[FAQ/WissMitarbRules|Mailinglist: Terms of Use / Nutzungsregeln wiss-mitarb list]] * [[FAQ/KorganizerMigration|Migrating/ setup KOrganizer calendar data if you have problems with KOrganizer]] * [[FAQ/roundcubeError501|Roundcube [Error 501] SERVICE CURRENTLY NOT AVAILABLE]] * [[FAQ/GoogleChromeDefault|How to set google-chrome (SEPP) as default browser]] * [[FAQ/adressbook_outlook|How to add ETH LDAP adressbook to Outlook]] |
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| {{{ ssh username@blocked_machine kill -TERM -1 }}} If you still have problems, mail to support@ee.ethz.ch |
== Email: Thunderbird == * Compacting: [[FAQ/ThunderbirdCompactingFolders|How and why to compact folders.]] * Hidden Emails: [[FAQ/ThunderbirdFolderRepair|Thunderbird hides some emails whereas other clients show all mails.]] * Import: [[FAQ/ThunderbirdImportMbox|How to import Emails in MBOX Format?]] * Invitations: [[FAQ/ThunderbirdNoICSFiles|How to make .ics files from invitations visible?]] * Link opening: [[FAQ/ThunderbirdOpensGNOMEBrowser|HTTP Links in Emails are opened with the wrong Webbrwoser. How do i change that?]] * Mailboxstatus: [[FAQ/ThunderbirdUpdateAllFolders|Only the status of my inbox gets updated. How to change the behavior to update the status on any Folder?]] * Mailto: [[FAQ/FirefoxMailtoLinksInThunderbird|How can I open mailto links in firefox composing in thunderbird?]] * Notification: [[FAQ/ThunderbirdDisablingUpdateNotification|How and why to disable update notification.]] * Space: [[FAQ/IMAPdisableSync|How to free up space occupied by synchronization files?]] |
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| == Q: I cannot log in anymore into the X environment on a Linux Tardis Workstation. What can I do? == ''' A: ''' 1. Change to a Console (CTRL-ALT-F1) and log in with your username. |
== Revision Control Systems (SVN,GIT) == * [[FAQ/SVNCertificateFailureMAC|SVN: HTTPS checkout certificate failure on MAC computers.]] |
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| 2. Run the tool {{{xauth-fix}}} | == X, Graphical Desktop Environment == * [[RemoteAccess/VNC|Remote access to a Linux host's desktop with VNC]] * [[FAQ/x11vnc|How do I use use X11VNC?]] * [[FAQ/XForwarding|Why does XForwarding not work anymore?]] * [[FAQ/Recycle_BinDirectory|What is that `Recycle_Bin` directory in my home folder?]] * [[FAQ/GermanUmlauteOnEnglishKeyboard|How to enter german Umlaute and other special characters with an US keyboard]] * [[FAQ/GnomeDesktopIcons|When login under GNOME my Desktop Icons dissapeared]] * [[FAQ/Gnome3Settings|Troubleshoot Gnome 3 Desktop Customizations]] * [[FAQ/KDEPlasmaDesktopCrash|How to restart my KDE Plasma after a crash]] * [[FAQ/KDENoApplicationMenu|How to restore the KDE application menu, if it's suddely empty ]] * [[FAQ/KDEStretchBlackOn1Login|KDE Plasma on Stretch remains black after first login]] * [[FAQ/NoHeadphoneSound|No sound on headphones attached to front panel]] |
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| 3. Exit from console and change back to the GUI (CTRL+ALT+F7). | == Shell, Terminal Environment, SSH, Network == * [[FAQ/ZshAsDefaultShell|How can I have zsh as my default shell?]] * [[FAQ/MacSshTerminalConfig|SSH connections from Mac start with errors similar to "locale name not valid"]] * [[FAQ/SSHkeys|SSH Key-Based Authentification]] * [[FAQ/raspberryPiTo802.1x]] * [[FAQ/network_connection_problems|My device can't connect to the ETH network]] |
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| 4. Try to log in again. | == macOS == * [[FAQ/X11macOS|Forward X11 applications to a macOS client]] * [[FAQ/MacSshTerminalConfig|SSH connections from Mac start with errors similar to "locale name not valid"]] |
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| If this still not work and you get an error message about lock-files then: | == Windows 10 == * [[FAQ/X11Windows|Forward X11 applications to a Windows client]] * [[FAQ/MicrosoftCloudSubscription|Create Microsoft Cloud Subscription for Office 365 or MS Teams]] |
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| 5. Go back to a Console again and log in. 6. With {{{ lsof | grep /home/<username>/.qt }}} check which processes still have an open "file" in /home/username/.qt and kill the processes (with {{{kill -9 <pid>}}}) 7. Remove the lock-files under {{{~/.qt}}} and logout from console. 8. Change to the GUI (CTRL+ALT+F7) and try to log in again. Note: If you are working on a Solaris Tardis Workstation you cannot switch to a console as explained above. Then log in via a failsafe session (choosable via the loginmanager under "Session") and perform there the above operations. == Q: Why is Firefox/ Thunderbird telling me "already running", "profile in use" or "No running window found"? == ''' A: ''' UNIX: First, check if you have firefox/thunderbird instances running `ps -ef | grep <username>` kill these with `kill <pid>` Then delete the following files: `~/.mozilla/firefox/<profile-name>/lock` `~/.mozilla/firefox/<profile-name>/.parentlock` Windows: Check with the task manager if firefox/thunderbird is running, if yes, kill it. Delete the following file: . `W:\Application Data\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\<profile-name>\parent.lock` == Q: Why can't I update my Netscape Bookmarks anymore? == ''' A: '''Most likely you have a `~/netscape/lock` file hanging round. This file gets created when you start netscape. When you exit netscape, the lock file gets removed. There may be situations when Netscape cannot remove the lock file before it dies. For example after a crash. When you restart netscape it will see the lock file and conclude that there is another copy of netscape still running. If you are sure that this is not the case, type: `rm ~/.netscape/lock` to remove the lock file. == Q: How can I have zsh as my default shell? == ''' A: '''Everybody on the system has to use tcsh as login shell, because this allows us to put a standard configuration into each account. But don't worry, it's no problem to change the shell for all further operations after the login. Just put `setenv SHELL /usr/sepp/bin/zsh` into your `~/.login ` file. Each terminal you start will then invoke `zsh`. == Q: Why does putting setenv PATH in my .login not work? == ''' A: '''What ever you put in your `.login` file gets overridden by the contents of the `.cshrc` file. Some background: When you log in, the following files are read by your tcsh in this particular order: {{{ /etc/.cshrc ~/.cshrc (The .cshrc file in your home) /etc/.login ~/.login (The .login in your home) }}} The files in `etc` contain our system-wide defaults. What ever is in there, it will always get processed. When ever you start up a new `xterm` the `tcsh` which runs inside the `xterm` reads the files `/etc/.cshrc` and `~/.cshrc`. The solution to your problem is therefore to put your path settings into your `~/.cshrc` file. But be careful, try not to replace the system defaults, rather add to them: `set path=( ~/bin $path )`. If you add this fragment to your `~/.cshrc` file, the `tcsh` will look in your `~/bin` directory for an executable before using the one installed on the system. Some people might get annoyed by the Message of the day, which is dumped on their screen whenever they log on. If you create a `~/.hushlogin` file nothing will be printed out when you log-in. == Q: How can I synchronize my computer's time with the ETH time server? == ''' A: '''You can use our time server `swisstime.ethz.ch` with any Network Time Protocol client. == Q: How do i know what kind of processor I am working with? == '''A: '''Just run `psrinfo -v` If you want to know that platform and kernel you're on, run `uname -a` == Q: How do I use VNC? == ''' A: '''Start a vnc-server on the machine you want to control, with `vncserver :1` (:1 means display 1). You will be asked to define a password for accessing your server and another one for just observing without interacting. After that, your server is up and running and you can connect to it with any available VNC-clients (e.g. TightVNC) by entering the hostname you want to connect to, like `hostname:1`. == Q: Why does XForwarding not work anymore? == ''' A: '''If you're getting messages like these while trying to forward an X-session: {{{ user@laptop:~/bin$ ssh -X user@login.ee.ethz.ch user@login.ee.ethz.ch's password: Last login: Mon Apr 2 13:39:11 2007 from vpn-global-083-SunOS 5.8 Generic_117350-44 UNW,Sun-Blade-1500 user@tardis-a05:~>matlab X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X connection to localhost:11.0 broken (explicit kill or server shutdown). }}} or like these: {{{ Xlib: connection to "localhost:10.0" refused by server Xlib: PuTTY X11 proxy: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 data did not match Warning: Unable to open display localhost:10.0 (mit-magic-cookie) }}} Log in first via `ssh` and try the command `xauth-fix`. If this doesn't help, let us know at support@ee.ethz.ch == Q: How can I find storage-hungry files in my home? == ''' A: '''Using the following commands, you can get a list of items in your home, sorted by size in MB: `gdu -sm ~/.??* ~/* | sort -n | less` If you replace `-sm` with `-sk`, the size will be shown in KB. If you prefer a graphical approach, try: `gdu -k ~| xdu`. This will take some time to complete, but should result in a graphical window showing what is using up your precious quota space. If this doesn't convince you, you can try a tool like `treesize`. == Q: How can I give several users write access to a directory of mine? == ''' A: '''This trick can be performed with the commands `setfacl` and `getfacl` (ACL means Access Control List). They both have a manpage. Since the concepts of using them is not that simple, you might want to look at the following example. User `tanja` wants to setup a directory `~/community` which she and her friend `andrea` can access but which is closed to all other users. She creates a file `myacls`with the content: {{{ # basic permissions for ~/community user::rwx # the owner of the directory has read write execute access group::--- # group has no access other:--- # neither has all the rest of the world # acl for ~/community user:tanja:rwx # the same for tanja user:andrea:rwx # and andrea mask:rwx # the highest access privilidge one can get is read write execute # when new files are created within ~/community, they get the following acl DEFAULT:user::rwx # the owner of the new file has read/write/execute access default:user:tanja:rwx # tanja will have read/write/execute access to all the new files default:user:andrea:rwx # and so does andrea default:group::--- # the group has no access default:mask:rwx # the highest access will be read/write/execute default:other:--- # others have no access }}} Now she executes `setfacl -r -f myacls ~/community` to apply the new permissions to `~/community`. With `getfacl ~/community` she can check that everything worked fine. Please note that the quota rules still do apply here. If `andrea` has no quota on the disk where tanjas home is, she will still not be able to write to this directory. In addition, the `default` entries only apply on directories, for files there are no default ACLs. == Q: How can I connect to X-servers via Putty SSH or SSH Client? == ''' A: ''' PuTTY SSH: 1. Open the PuTTY configuration window in Start->Programs->Internet->PuTTY 1. Choose SSH->Tunnels in the left part of the window 1. Check 'Enable X11 forwarding' and enter 'localhost:0' in the X display location-window underneath SSH client: 1. Open SSH client in Start->Programs->Internet->SSH client 1. Open 'Settings..' in the Edit Menu 1. Choose 'Tunneling' in the left part of the window 1. Check !TunnelX11 connections Alternaltively, you can install X-Win32 from Add/Remove Programs, the newest version has integrated ssh support, and allows you to setup a 'rlogin'-style directly. == How can I mount CDROMs, DVDs or FLOPPIES on ISG.EE Linux? == ''' A: ''' `cd /media/cdrom/` # or for other devices # cd /media/cdrw, /media/cdrw2, # cd /media/dvd, /media/floppy # read your files `cd / ` # after a short while the directory is automagically unmounted == How can I access USB or Firewire devices (memorystick, digital camera, external disks) on Linux? == ''' A: ''' Before reading any further: If Your Device(e.g. Memorystick) has been initialized by a Macintosh machine, your system might hang. Take precautions. === Mounting USB Devices under Linux === You only need to plug in Your USB Device on Your Linux machine. If the device is suitable, it is automatically mounted. Mount points are the numbered directories /usbstorage/usbstorage*/ (* is the number). The directory used for the currently mounted USB-Sticks can be determined by running a `ls -ld /usbstorage/*` The listing will show one or more directories owned by audio group. This group is used to make the computer's hardware accessible to the user sitting at the machine. === Remarks === Each individual memorystick will receive its own mount point, even if unplugged in between. This means that if Your memorystick has been mounted under /usbstorage/usbstorage0/, its content will be accessible on this path, even if some other memorystick is plugged in. When the machine is rebooted, this assignment is restarted and probably receive another mount point. Basically every USB device that exports a Storage Class interface should work. USB Memorysticks and Digital Cameras were tested and worked. Only partitions formated with FAT are recognized. === Using the internal Cardreader (USB) === The devices inserted in the internal card reader (where present) can be accessed under `/usbstorage/CardReader_*.` === Sharing a Memorystick between Macintosh and Linux machines === Unfortunately, Linux is confused by the Macintosh partition table and might even crash. To solve this problem, the partition table needs to be cleaned. As this action is dangerous and needs additional priviliges. Contact ISG support for assistance. === Mounting Firewire Devices under Linux === The method is the same: Plug the device in and search for the correct subdirectory in `/ieee1394/*` == How can I map the META key to the left "windows" key (Emacs) == Per default the left "alt" key will be the META key in Emacs. When you like to change the META key to the left "windows" key add the following lines to your startup script (.login) {{{ xmodmap -e 'remove mod4 = Super_L' xmodmap -e 'remove mod4 = Hyper_L' xmodmap -e 'add mod4 = Meta_L' }}} == Q: What is that `Recycle_Bin` directory in my home folder? == ''' A: '''This folder only appears if you work with Windows as well. Our Samba servers are configured, that they move deleted files into this directory. Every night a script on our servers deletes then the files which were longer than 24 hours in that directory. You can suppress the usage of that folder if you place a file called `AAA_DONT_SCAVENGE_ME` in it. == Q: Where should I save my data? == ''' A: '''If you're using your data exclusively on Windows, you can easily use the "My Documents" Folder. If you work regularly under Unix as well, then it's probably better to put your data in your H: drive, since it is also your /home/ directory on tardis. == Q: How can I use a Mic on Linux based Tardis Workstations? == ''' A: '''Connect your Microphone and Headphone to the front panel of your Tardis Workstation. (the default settings are for the front panel, but you can make your own settings supporting the rear panel) and load the mixer state file. {{{ alsactl -f mixerfile restore 0` }}} Or you could use `alsamixer` or `kmixer` to configure the sound mixer manually For recording use {{{rec}}}, a simple command line recording tool or {{{audacity}}} a gui recording tool. ''Config Files'' tardis-b* [[attachment:mixerconf-tardis-b]] == Q: How can I compile/install additional software on a linux tardis workstation? == ''' A: '''Regular (non-root) users cannot use the commands apt-get, aptitude or dpkg in order to install precompiled .deb-packages on a tardis machine. However, you may download the source code, compile it and install the desired software in your home-directory. The Following description may vary as the case arises (the README and INSTALL files in the source code directory usually give detailed information). 1. Download source code 1. Enter source code directory and execute ''./configure''. The configure script checks for all necessary dependent libraries and creates all make files. If ./configure fails or if you prefer a particular library over another you must set the necessary path variables. Remark: Most libraries are contained in /usr/lib/ and don't need to be specified. If a desired library is not found, you may check /usr/pack/ or [[http://www.sepp.ee.ethz.ch/sepp-debian/|www.sepp.ee.ethz.ch/sepp-debian/]] for the path (more friendly: you can also use the command sepp for that). ./configure --help shows you which variables can be set. Here are the most important ones: ||<tablewidth="763px" tableheight="118px">'''Variable''' ||'''Meaning''' || ||PREFIX ||toblevel directory path, should be in your homedirectory. It is an argument of the configure script, e.g. ''./configure --prefix=/home/<home-directory>/<folder>'' || ||CFLAGS ||C-Compiler options, e.g. include directory specifications. For an include directory use ''-I'' (capital i) option, e.g. ''CFLAGS=-I<inlcude-directory>.'' Use widespace as separation for more options. || ||CXXFLAGS ||C++-Compiler options, e.g. include directory specifications || ||LDFLAGS ||linker flags, which are passed to ld. Use ''-L'' option for link-time-directory and ''-Wl,-rpath,'' for run-time directory (both directories are the same), e.g. ''LDFLAGS="-L<link-directory> -Wl,-rpath,<link-directory>"'' Remark: The ''-Wl,-rpath,'' option is for linux, on solaris you may want to use ''-R'' instead. Use widespace as separation for more paths. || 1. Once the configure script terminated successfully, execute ''make'' in order to compile source code. 1. Execute ''make install'' in order to install software. In conclusion, here is an example of the whole process: {{{ > setenv CFLAGS "-I<include-path>" > setenv LDFLAGS "-L<link-directory> -Wl,-rpath,<link-directory>" > ./configure --prefix=<path1> ... > make ... > make install ... > }}} Remark: ''setenv'' is used in tcsh which is the standard shell on tardis workstations. If you use bash you may want to use the command ''export'' instead. |
== Others == * [[FAQ/RebootLinuxClient|How can I reboot my Linux workstation?]] * [[FAQ/ProcessorIdentification|How do i know what kind of processor I am working with?]] * [[FAQ/FindStorageHungryFiles|How can I find space eating files in my home?]] * [[FAQ/GiveWriteAccess|How can I give several users write access to a directory of mine?]] * [[FAQ/WhereToSaveData|Where should I save my data?]] * [[FAQ/CompileInstallAdditionalSoftware|How can I compile/install additional software on a linux tardis workstation?]] * [[FAQ/LicenseProblems|How can I check why my software cannot checkout a license from the license server?]] * [[FAQ/AccountExpiry|I'm leaving ETH. How long will my account and email address remain active?]] * [[FAQ/DropboxManagedLinuxClients|How to use Dropbox on managed Linux Clients?]] * [[FAQ/InstallLaTeXPackages|How can I use a (updated) LaTeX package not provided by the local installation of texlive?]] * [[FAQ/MoinMoinUpgrade|How do I fix moinmoin errors after a python upgrade?]] * [[FAQ/PolyboxcmdHowto|How to use polyboxcmd?]] * [[FAQ/PolyboxExternalHowto|How can external people upload files to a Polybox account?]] * [[WiFiGuest|How can I connect to the internet as a guest?]] * [[FAQ/JupyterNotebook|How do I use a Jupyter Notebook?]] * [[FAQ/VirtualMaschine|How can I create a virtual machine on my ISG D-ITET-managed Linux machine?]] * [[FAQ/RStudio|Using RStudio in a VNC session]] ---- [[CategoryEDUC]] |
Contents
FAQ
This is a collection of frequently asked questions (FAQ)
Chat, Matrix, Element
Introduction to the D-ITET Chat servers for institutes
Best practice recommendations on how to use the chat services
Accounts on federated matrix servers are reachable in Element with their Matrix ID @<username>:<the-users-matrix-homeserver>, i.e. @someone:staffchat.ethz.ch
Missing Matrix room-specific E2E keys helps in case of ** Unable to decrypt:...
Email: General, Webbrowser, Calendar
Firefox can not open Websites. Error Message can not find https:// Website
IMAP: How to automatically subscribe to every Mailfolder i have?
Migrating/ setup KOrganizer calendar data if you have problems with KOrganizer
Email: Thunderbird
Compacting: How and why to compact folders.
Hidden Emails: Thunderbird hides some emails whereas other clients show all mails.
Invitations: How to make .ics files from invitations visible?
Link opening: HTTP Links in Emails are opened with the wrong Webbrwoser. How do i change that?
Mailboxstatus: Only the status of my inbox gets updated. How to change the behavior to update the status on any Folder?
Mailto: How can I open mailto links in firefox composing in thunderbird?
Notification: How and why to disable update notification.
Space: How to free up space occupied by synchronization files?
Revision Control Systems (SVN,GIT)
X, Graphical Desktop Environment
How to enter german Umlaute and other special characters with an US keyboard
How to restore the KDE application menu, if it's suddely empty
Shell, Terminal Environment, SSH, Network
macOS
Windows 10
Others
How can I give several users write access to a directory of mine?
How can I compile/install additional software on a linux tardis workstation?
How can I check why my software cannot checkout a license from the license server?
I'm leaving ETH. How long will my account and email address remain active?
How can I use a (updated) LaTeX package not provided by the local installation of texlive?
How can I create a virtual machine on my ISG D-ITET-managed Linux machine?